I Caracidi
Americani

I Caracidi Americani

La famiglia Anostomidae comprende pesci d’acqua dolce caratteristici del Sud America, particolarmente diffusi nei bacini dell’Amazzonia e dell’Orinoco. Questi pesci si distinguono immediatamente per la loro bocca peculiare, piccola e rivolta verso l’alto, un adattamento evolutivo che riflette le loro abitudini alimentari.
Morfologicamente, presentano un corpo allungato e compresso lateralmente, con colorazioni che variano dal argenteo al dorato, spesso arricchite da striature e macchie distintive. Le dimensioni sono moderate, con la maggior parte delle specie che raggiunge lunghezze comprese tra 15 e 30 centimetri.
L’habitat naturale di questi pesci include fiumi e corsi d’acqua con temperature tra 22 e 28°C, prediligendo acque ben ossigenate con pH tra 6.0 e 7.5. Sono pesci sociali che in natura formano gruppi numerosi, mostrando un comportamento attivo ed esplorativo. La loro dieta è principalmente erbivora, ma include anche piccoli invertebrati. La particolare conformazione della bocca permette loro di raschiare efficacemente alghe e microorganismi dalle superfici sommerse. La riproduzione avviene stagionalmente, coincidendo con i periodi di piena nei loro habitat naturali.
Questi pesci rivestono un ruolo ecologico importante nei loro ecosistemi nativi, contribuendo al controllo della crescita algale e fungendo da anello importante nella catena alimentare acquatica sudamericana.




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